Jam-packed island is running out of space

Santa Cruz del Islote, Colombia (CNN) — From a distance, it’s hard at first to determine what Santa Cruz del Islote actually is. Rising from the sea, the island — one of the most densely populated in the world — appears to be floating.

Legend has it that fishermen from the nearby islands spent the night on Santa Cruz and decided to stay there permanently when they realized there were no mosquitoes. Locals attribute the mosquito-free environment to the absence of mangroves and beaches.

It’s like stepping into a Gabriel García Márquez novel. Santa Cruz features a dreamlike, innocent way of life (there are no police on the island), and the colorful houses are passed down through generations, so there are no non-native residents.

Some estimates put about 1,200 inhabitants on the tiny island that’s about the size of two soccer fields. But some say the community is smaller.

Juve Nal, a sexagenarian who has lived on Santa Cruz his whole life, says it is more like 900.

“We get annoyed because the media always say the island is more crowded than it is,” grumbles Nal, who seems to act as community leader, tour guide and spokesperson all rolled into one.

Close quarters

Whatever the population (which is unknown as no census has been carried out for decades), Santa Cruz is a tight squeeze.

About 115 houses are crammed higgledy-piggledy on top of one another, while elderly men with kind eyes and weathered faces sit out on their chairs sipping beer, teenage boys line the streets nodding their heads and swaying to champeta beats and young mothers chatter away at corner shops.

Nal dips and dives in and out of the winding alleys, ducking under washing lines and pointing out the various amenities of the island — a church here, a school there — and waxes lyrical about the peaceful, relaxed way of life.

“There is no crime here,” he says, beaming proudly. “We have no police and we do not need them either.”

He stops by a small square, marked by a large white cross. It’s a good place for a photo op, he explains, as this cross gives the island its name.

Juve Nal acts as a tour guide and unofficial spokesman for the Colombian island of Santa Cruz.

Lucy Sherriff

A recent partnership with Hotel Punta Faro has resulted in the establishment of a small conservation aquarium on Santa Cruz.

Previously locals treated turtles the same way they would a chicken, killing them for meat. Now, they carefully untangle the turtles caught in their fishing nets, and look after them until the hotel’s conservation team comes to collect them.

Tourists can pay a small fee to enter the aquarium, which also houses small sharks, stingrays and fish.

Otherwise, Santa Cruz is crowded with houses. Islanders have had to start building upwards, as space has run out for more houses on the ground.

“It is a concern for the future,” admits Nal. “We are running out of land, and I do not know what the answer is. We cannot keep building up and up.”

But the islanders of Santa Cruz do not want your pity.

“We are happy,” Nal says. “Where else in the world is there no need for police, where else can you have an island for just your little community?

“Every day I get to wake up to the sound and the view of the sea. I would not want to live anywhere else.”

Visiting Santa Cruz

Visitors are asked to pay 3,000 pesos ($1) upon arrival on the island. In recent years, Nal says, more backpackers have come to visit, taking pictures of islanders as if they were visiting a zoo.

“It was very disrespectful,” he says. “Now we charge something, and we give them a tour, so the tourists realize we are not just here to be looked at, but instead they can learn about our culture.”

The money from the tours goes toward helping conservation efforts and toward the day-to-day running of the island — such as buying drinking water, which a boat drops off from the mainland once every few weeks.

There are concerns the island will fall victim to rising sea levels. Alejandro Alzate, the general manager and co-owner of Punta Faro, says Santa Cruz experiences flooding regularly, and may some day disappear under the rising tide.

“The locals don’t want to know this, though,” he sighs. “They won’t listen as it means eventually they will have to move. And life on Santa Cruz is not something you could find elsewhere.

“People are proud to live there. It’s more than just a community, it’s a culture, a way of life. They don’t want to be any place else.”

Life on the island may seem shaky, but it’s an organized chaos, and for the islanders, it works a treat.

Lucy Sherriff is a freelance multimedia journalist based in Bogotá and covers environment, travel and gender issues.